Neuroergonomics is an emerging field of study that draws from two fields, namely, neuroscience and ergonomics. Neuroscience is related to the study of human brain's structure and functions whereas ergonomics focuses on the study of people in their working environment, and also deals with the design and arrangement of workplaces to ensure maximum productivity from the employees. Ergonomics endeavors to match technology with the capabilities and limitations of people to ensure that the people are able to work effectively and safely. The purpose of neuroergonomics research is to optimize the understanding of neural mechanisms. Neuroergonomics has primarily two key goals: the first one is to employ existing/emerging knowledge of human performance and brain function to build systems and technologies that are safer and more efficient to operate. The second goal is to expand this understanding of the relationship between brain function and real-world task performance. The aim of combining the aforesaid two fields is to utilize path breaking discoveries about human brain and physiological functioning underlying human perceptual, cognitive, and motor functioning with a focus on real-world contexts. This book provides comprehensive insights into the field of neuroergonomics. Through it, an attempt has been made to further enlighten the readers about the new concepts in this field.