Challenges to Women Reproductive Autonomy

This research paper delves into the complex landscape of abortion laws, bodily autonomy, and reproductive rights in India. It begins by discussing the Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP) Act of 1971 and its subsequent amendments, particularly focusing on the Medical Termination of Pregnancy (Amendment) Act of 2021. The paper evaluates the adequacy of these legislative measures in providing comprehensive abortion care for Indian women. Key legal cases, such as X v. The Principal Secretary Health and Family Welfare department &Another and significant judicial interpretations, are analyzed to understand the evolving nature of abortion rights within the Indian legal framework. The paper also explores international perspectives on abortion access, highlighting the global trend towards liberalizing abortion laws and recognizing access to safe abortion as a fundamental human right. Scholarly contributions, including works by Nivedita Menon, Kumari S., Kishore J., and legal analyses by Aparajita Lath, offer critical insights into the intersection of women's autonomy, equality, and reproductive health. The discussion extends to encompass broader themes such as bodily autonomy, privacy rights during medical termination of pregnancy, and the role of the judiciary in ensuring access to safe abortion services. The paper concludes by emphasizing the ongoing efforts towards securing reproductive justice and autonomy for individuals, underscoring the importance of comprehensive abortion care guidelines, legal reforms, and advocacy initiatives aimed at fostering a more inclusive and empowered society.