Heavy Metals Toxicity in Biological Systems

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Heavy metals are chemical elements with a specific gravity greater than 5.0. Among the 90 naturally occurring elements, 21 are non-metals, 16 are light metals, and the remaining 53 are heavy metals. The majority of naturally occurring elements, which from a biological perspective is not very helpful. However, only a limited number of heavy metals are soluble under physiological conditions and bioavailable to living organisms.