This guide enables effective planning and implementation of proactive communication actions to promote understanding of the importance of vaccines in preventing illness and preventable deaths, and raises awareness of vaccine risks and perceptions of risk. The guide also covers prompt and effective communication in response to an adverse event following immunization (AEFI) or any other vaccine safety concerns that threaten public trust in a vaccine and compliance with the immunization programme. The guide offers systematic, scientific and practical approaches, tips and tools to help strengthen the capacity of the various stakeholders in planning, implementing, managing, monitoring and evaluating, and documenting communication interventions around vaccine safety issues and immunization.