Fishers rely on an in-depth knowledge of the natural milieu for their livelihood. This volume focuses on how and where fishers’ knowledge indigenous and artisanal, as well as large and small-scale commercial is being put to work in collaboration with scientists, government managers and non-governmental organizations. Case studies from around the globe show clearly that it is time to move beyond debates about the utility of fishers’ knowledge to focus on establishing frameworks that best allow fishers and their knowledge to become effective and appropriate counterparts in fisheries science and management. This volume represents an important contribution towards achieving the goal of establishing international responsibility for the ethical collection, preservation, dissemination and application of fishers knowledge.