Paradoxes of European Foreign Policy

The European Union’s foreign policy is full of paradoxes. The Union aspires to be a powerful international actor without becoming a super-state. It hopes to prevent and manage conflicts, but refrains from acquiring the military means to do so. It embarks on the project of widening its borders, but continues its deepening project which makes the entrance hurdles for applicant countries ever higher. It wishes to maintain strong transatlantic links, but continues to build institutions that make the EU more independent from - if not competitive with - the United States. In this work, distinguished European and American intellectuals offer solutions to imperative but unanswered questions: How can the Union’s enormous normative power of attraction , combined with its operational weakness, be explained? Can the Union remain a civilian power when coping with an uncivilized world? Can a European foreign policy get off the ground without prior emergence of a European demos? Are national policies within the Union increasingly convergent or divergent? And how can the Union’s international performance be assessed?.