This book deals with the tradition of the medical theology of Martin Luther and baroque Lutheranism. It focuses on the reformational interpretation of the topic of Christ the Physician, which reaches back to the Old Church, and its sacramental, conciliary, and medico-theological relevance. A central point is the analysis of the development of the theologia medicinales in baroque Lutheranism, by means of previously unevaluated or rarely evaluated sources. The volume includes critical editions of three up to now inaccessible sources.