This work shows the obtained results during the last fifteen years on the Extension Project "Tobacco smoking: S.O.S. Youth" (National University of San Luis) and the research laboratory of Molecular Fluorescence for the monitoring of toxic metals in tobacco products. During this period, hundreds of Educational Establishments have been visited to realize prevention activities, thousands of students have been surveyed to know the state of affairs tabaquism in San Luis (Argentina), a tens of papers were published and a Doctoral Thesis was defended in the thematic. But the smoking epidemic has not come to an end. New analytical challenges have come hand in hand with new ways of tobacco consumption. So, greater efforts are necessary to highlight the potential health risks of each tobacco product and to prevent our children and young people from starting to smoke.