The book delves into the evolution of transportation infrastructure and services in Uganda, highlighting their pivotal role in shaping the nation's economic and social landscape. It offers a comprehensive examination of road development, from early trails used by indigenous communities to the modern highway systems and public transport services that connect urban and rural areas today. It traces the origins of transport systems in pre-colonial Uganda and examines colonial influences on infrastructure, including the introduction of railways and roads. It analyses how transport development has facilitated trade, agriculture, and tourism discussing the role of transport in regional integration and economic growth. It highlights challenges such as maintenance, funding, and environmental impacts and explores innovations in public transport, including matatus, boda-bodas, and modern bus services. It also looks ahead to future developments in Uganda's transport sector, including potential improvements in infrastructure and technology. This book serves as an essential resource for historians, policymakers, and anyone interested in understanding the integral role of roads and transport.