The genocide of the Congolese people does not date from the war in the east triggered by the Rwandan regime of Paul Kagame. It dates back to the colonial period when King Leopold II established in the Congo a system of economic exploitation which resulted on the ground in large-scale massacres of the Congolese.The author draws a connection between these two series of genocide by highlighting similarities and divergences in their operating methods. If during the colonial period, the international community played a determining role in putting an end to the genocide of the Congolese people, this is not the case with the genocide that the Rwandan regime of Paul Kagame continues to perpetrate in the DRC, in the total indifference from the international community.It is the mystery which surrounds this indifference of the international community that the author dissects in this work, highlighting all the forms of complicity both external and internal which make Rwanda act not only as a subcontractor of multinationals for the predation of the natural resources of the DRC, and also as a maker of presidents for Congolese political opponents.