People living with HIV/AIDS, when using antiretroviral medication, are subject to the development of lipodystrophic syndrome which, as well as causing metabolic problems, also causes disturbances in body image, which can lead to psychological problems such as depression. Temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) affects a large part of the population as a whole and is associated with depression, but the association between these three diseases (lipodystrophy, depression and TMD) is unknown. Therefore, this manuscript is a descriptive, exploratory, cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach that aimed to identify the risk factors for Temporomandibular Dysfunction, lipodystrophic syndrome and the presence of depression in people living with HIV/AIDS, as well as the existence of an association between these diseases.