Cadmium (Cd) is a chemical element considered to be a heavy metal with the following characteristics: soft, relatively rare, somewhat more malleable, ductile and flexible than others. It is one of the main toxicants affecting human health through occupational and environmental exposure problems. Cd in soil and in the environment of the region has been detrimental to the health of the population, causing kidney, lung and bone disease. The objective of the present work was to know the current panorama of ecotoxicology, physiopathology and intoxication by Cd. Cd in high concentrations is difficult to eliminate, so it accumulates in tissues of the living being causing renal failure. Cd can spread through air by vapors, in soil when it adheres to edible plants entering the food chain, in water it exists as a hydrated ion, the soluble forms are mobilized in water and the insoluble ones are deposited in the sediment where they will be adsorbed. The population is exposed to Cd orally, through water and by ingestion of contaminated food. Symptoms of Cd ingestion include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and headache.