Impression materials are products used to copy or reproduce in negative the hard and soft tissues of the oral cavity. A review was carried out with the aim of characterising impression materials for stomatological use in terms of composition, properties, handling, dosage and uses. It was concluded that impression materials have been appearing in the field of rehabilitative stomatology according to the need for treatment, that alginates have a varied use, zinquenolic paste is the most dimensionally stable impression material, the main property of waxes is thermoplasticity and one of the best impression materials is silicone, hence the importance of knowing its fundamental characteristics for the training of integral professionals.