This book analyses from an epistemological and anthropological point of view the problematic of human intelligence as deployed in Henri Bergson’s philosophical device. Indeed, the bio-historical study of the deployment of consciousness directs human intelligence towards a practical and technical side. This suggests that for Bergson, intelligence is a properly human faculty whose primitive vocation is to transform matter and to respond to man’s need to adapt to his environment. Such a reflexive orientation makes Bergson an early thinker of artificial intelligence. Based on this observation, our study, using the comparative method, attempts to circumscribe as far as possible the implications and applications of artificial intelligence in the African context. In the latest development, it proposes avenues likely to better guide investment policies in the field of digital technology.