The Kirchenkampf or church struggle that began in 1933 shed light upon the differences in the thinking and beliefs of Saxon pastors and their parishioners. Theologians found themselves playing a special role in these conflicts: as shepherds of their parish, their confession of faith to one or the other church of a certain political persuasion invariably led to conflicts. The pastors’ thoughts and actions can only be explained by looking at their life before 1933. The current collection of biographies of Saxon pastors and theologians of the Evangelical Lutheran Church presents their life stories and shows how twelve years of Nazi leadership can be characterised as a break or connection to their previous lives and work, as well as which path these contemporary witnesses took after 1945. These biographies are based on current archive studies.