There is widespread agreement among development politicians and scholars that the fate of humanity will be decided in Africa. However, the world public is still not aware of this. Our southern neighbouring continent is only ever in the focus of general interest when it comes to remedying the numerous humanitarian disasters. The fact that the cause of most disasters is to be found in the extremely dynamic population development of the 49 sub-Saharan states is usually concealed by politicians and the mass media. The author resolutely opposes the downplaying of the potential threat resulting from the population explosion in sub-Saharan Africa - not only for the continent, but for humanity as such. In his fact-based study, this dangerous scenario is analyzed in depth against the demographic background, and possible ways out are also pointed out.