A++ The Smallest Programming Language in the World: An Educational Programming Language

A++ has been developed in 2002 in the context of ‘Programmierung pur’ Undiluted Programming with the purpose to serve as a learning instrument rather than as a programming language used to solve practical problems. A++ is supposed to be an efficient tool to become familiar with the core of programming and with programming patterns that can be applied in other languages needed to face the real world. This book does not only introduce A++ as a language, but also covers its implementation in Perl and C including an introduction to these languages using A++ itself. The book also contains an introduction to the Lambda-Calculus of Alonzo Church, which represents the theoretical foundation of A++.