Today military potential depends so strongly on scientific and technical capacity that cooperation in these matters within NATO is a necessity. It is equally important that full use is made of our scientific knowledge in reach- ing strategie and political decisions. National policy and science interact in both directions: the rapid development of atomic energy is a consequence of its military usefulness and conversely advances in the biological sciences, such as birth control and the development of mental drugs, may weIl have major impacts on future political situations. NATO has no monopoly on scientific cooperation; UNESCO, OECD, and many specialized agencies such as CERN and ELDO are concerned with it. However, the development of all sciences is necessary if we are to select developments which are of de- fence usefulness. NATO’s scientific programme under the supervision of the Science Committee includes travelling fellowships for 700 students each year, 40 advanced summer institutes, and many research grants. The latter are primarily directed towards collaboration between workers in different NATO countries. An important document prepared by the Killian Working Group pro- poses that an International Institute of Science & Technology, devoted to advanced teaching and research, would be foundedas an independent organi- zation outside of NATO. Such an institute should attract faculty which now often emigrate to the V. S.