The Development of the Vertebral Column

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1. 11 Stage XI (ca. 10. 5-12. 5 mm) 48 3. 11. 1 Axial Relations 48 3. 11. 2 Lateral Relations 49 3. 11. 3 Summary … . 52 3. 12 Stage XII (ca. 13-16 mm) 53 3. 12. 1 Axial Relations 53 3. 12. 2 Lateral Relations 56 3. 12. 3 Summary 59 4 Discussion … . . 60 4. 1 Introduction 60 4. 2 Early Differentiation of the Somite Mesoderm 60 4. 2. 1 Dermatome … . 60 4. 2. 2 Myotome … … … . 61 4. 2. 3 Somitic Mesenchyme … . . 61 4. 3 Development of the Axial Mesenchyme 63 4. 4 Development of the Somitic Mesenchyme 66 4. 4. 1 Segmentation Process in the Somitic Mesenchyme 66 4. 4. 2 Differentiation of the Somitic Mesenchyme into the Mesenchymatous Primordium of the Axial Skeleton 70 4. 4. 2. 1 Metameric Condensations: Arcual and Costal Processes 70 4. 4. 2. 2 Axial Somitic Mesenchyme (Transverse Commissure) 73 4. 4. 2. 3 Perichordal Tube … … … … . . 74 4. 4. 2. 4 Linkage Between Lateral and Axial Segmentation 78 4. 4. 2. 5 Origin of the Mesenchymal Vertebral Bodies … 81 4. 4. 2. 6 Blastema of Vertebral Processes and its Relationship with the Blastemic Vertebral Body … … … … 83 4. 4. 3 Differentiation of the Somitic Mesenchyme in Relation to the Development of the Peripheral Spinal Nervous System 85 4. 5 Differentiation into Cartilaginous Axial Skeleton … … 89 . 4. 6 Differentiation of Myotomes; Morphology of the Developing Myotome … … … … … … … … 92 4. 7 The Notochord … … … … … … … 94 Some Remarks on the Neugliederung Concept with Special At 4.