This study could also be of interest in settings where the intervention could not be intervened on directly. In settings where the prime cause is not able to be manipulated due to ethical and/or logistical restrictions, the mediator can be instead intervened on to reduce the detrimental effect of the cause on a subgroup's outcome and/or to enhance the beneficial effect for another group. This is especially meaningful in settings where policymakers and researchers, for cost and resource considerations, would like to implement a uniform policy or program for the targeted population rather than undertaking individual interventions for each subgroup.