In 1358/59, Duke Rudolf IV of Austria presented his father-in-law Emperor Karl IV with a series of forgeries with the Privilegium maius as a central document, which granted the Austrian princes special privileges, law applicable in the 15th century and in the 19th century have finally been exposed as a forgery. The volume gathers the contributions of a conference on this topic that deals with the political and ceremonial context of the forgeries, their diplomatic and paleographic analysis, their confirmation by Emperor Friedrich III, their use in modern times, their traces in art, history dedicate themselves to their research and investigation using scientific methods. The texts of the certificates are also printed.