Cancer remains one of the most challenging diseases from an epidemiologic, clinical and therapeutic perspective. The rhythm of changes in various aspects of oncological diseases, the molecular characterization of new subtypes of classical primary-type tumors, new pathways in carcinogenesis and new classes of therapeutical agents make it very difficult to follow all relevant findings in this research field. Most significantly, what remains are each of our personal clinical observations and experiences. We all know the level of trust required in these matters, but we remain doctors who treat real-life patients, not those selected for clinical trials.

This Special Issue of Medicina was proposed in order to facilitate the presentation of the research or institutional experience of colleagues who are involved in treating cancer patients or are in the fundamental research field. Their clinical experience and research represent a very precious tool for each and every one of us.