English summary: According to theologised philosophies imbued with religion and philosophy which are modern philosophies such as those of Descartes, Kant, Hegel - with the exception of that of Montaigne - the core of reality cannot be random, since God, the transcendent and omniscient being, views anything which happens or will happen as eternal, as having already happened. If, conversely, we return to the liberated philosophy of religion; i.e., to the Greek way of philosophising, we are induced not to limit the scope of randomness to the human sphere: it can be seen at the core of reality, which is to say at the core of the innumerable worlds encompassed within infinite, omnigenerational Nature itself, and which - like an improvising poet - advances into randomness. French description: POUR LES PHILOSOPHIES theologisees, mixtes de religion et de philosophie, que sont les philosophies modernes, telles celles de Descartes, de Kant, de Hegel - et a l'exception de celle de Montaigne -, l'aleatoire ne saurait etre au coeur de la realite, puisque, pour l'etre transcendant et omniconnaissant, Dieu, tout ce qui arrive et arrivera est de toute eternite, comme deja arrive. Si, au contraire, l'on revient a la philosophie liberee de la religion, c'est-a-dire a la maniere grecque de philosopher, on est amene a ne pas limiter le champ de l'aleatoire a la zone humaine: on le voit au coeur de la realite, c'est-a-dire au coeur des mondes innombrables qui s'inscrivent au sein de la Nature infinie elle-meme, omnigeneratrice, et qui, comme le poete improvisant a mesure, avance dans l'incertain.