The Rio Antiguo project seeks to address ecosystem, recreation, and flood-control concerns along a stretch of the Rillito River in Tucson. This report, part of the feasibility study for the project, presents a survey of Native American and Euroamerican culture history in the study area, including a summary of information on previously recorded archaeological sites. Four sites–the Hardy Site, University Indian Ruin, Binghampton, and Fort Lowell–are described in detail. The report also includes a discussion of archaeological potential in the study area based on geomorphological considerations.