Freedom of Speech & Press: Exceptions to the First Amendment

The First Amendment to the United States Constitution provides that Congress shall make no law…Abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press… . This language restricts government both more and less than it would if it were applied literally. It restricts government more in that it applies not only to Congress, but to all branches of the federal government, and to all branches of state and local government. It restricts government less in that it provides no protection to some types of speech and only limited protection to others. This book provides an overview of the major exceptions to the First Amendment – of the ways that the Supreme Court has interpreted the guarantee of freedom of speech and press to provide no protection or only limited protection for some types of speech. For example, the Court has decided that the First Amendment provides no protection to obscenity, child pornography, or speech that constitutes advocacy of the use of force or of law violation…Where such advocacy is directed to inciting or producing imminent lawless action and is likely to incite or produce such action.