At the time of its establishment in 1981 as part of the resolution of the Iranian hostage crisis, few foresaw the growth of the Iran-United States Claims Tribunal as the most innovative and influential arbitral tribunal of its time. Over and over again it has dealt with new and challenging disputes and arrived at resolutions that set new precedents in international law, particularly in respect of state responsibility. This volume brings together a number of major contributions by leading scholars and observers of the Tribunal’s work. Each chapter considers a different and significant aspect of Tribunal case law, including the eligibility of claimants, the legal basis of contract, expropriation and property claims, and standards of compensation and valuation. The Iran-US Claims Tribunal has already been recognized by the international law community as the leading critical synthesis of the Tribunal’s jurisprudence and the foremost evaluation of its impact on the substantive law of state responsibility.