The world of the circus has a long and colourful history but it was with a man named Philip Astley that the ‘modern’ circus was founded. It was 250 years ago, in April 1768, that Astley pegged out a circular ride on the banks of the river Thames and gave performances of trick riding to a paying audience. Trick riding was nothing new, so what made Astley so popular? He was an accomplished horseman, a military hero and an instinctive showman. Above all, he was an entrepreneur who realised that people would pay good money to be entertained-and to be entertained well. He created the comic character of Billy Buttons, and other acts were added to his performances: clowns, rope dancers, tumblers and strongmen. The circus, as we might recognise it today, was born. Father of the Modern Circus - ‘Billy Buttons’ investigates the life and times of this veritable giant of the circus world. Standing well over 6 feet tall, with a stentorian voice and character to match, it was difficult to ignore him wherever he went. From his early days as an apprentice cabinetmaker and his military exploits in the 15th Dragoons to the trials and tribulations of establishing himself as a respected performer and his international successes in France and Ireland, this book gives a detailed account of the larger than life figure that was Philip Astley. AUTHOR: A former performer, teacher and director of a prize-winning youth circus, Steve Ward has worked for many years with circus groups worldwide. He has an MA researching the role of circus in education and has written widely on the subject. He has previously written two books on aspects of the circus, ‘Beneath the Big Top: A Social History of the Circus in Britain’ (2014) and ‘Sawdust Sisterhood: How Circus Empowered Women’ (2016). He still occasionally performs, creates and directs circus shows. 30 b/w illustrations