Poverty in the Theology of John Calvin

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It is the thesis of this study that in Calvin’s theology, poverty and affliction–not splendor and glory–mark and manifest the kingdom of God on earth. Poverty makes the kingdom visible to the eyes and therefore recognizable as divine. Poverty acts to reveal or disclose that which is spiritual, or that which is of God in the Christian faith. This does not mean that Calvin sees the condition of physical poverty as revelatory in and of itself. Rather, poverty and affliction function as agents of divine revelation. They are a condition or a chosen instrument God uses to disclose to humanity the nature of true spirituality, godliness, and poverty of spirit. How this is demonstrated in Calvin’s thought depends upon the specific doctrine under examination. This study explores three particular areas in Calvin’s theology where his theological understanding of spiritual poverty and physical poverty (or affliction) intersect–his Christology, his doctrine of the Christian life, and his ecclesiology.