Study of German Operations Opposite the French XX Corps

This paper discusses the German operations opposite the French XX Corps in World War I. The author states that the failure of the Germans to hold their defensive position was the result of being surprised. He concludes that the Germans were surprised because the command failed to properly evaluate and follow up on information of the impending attack, units being tired, and lack of alertness of front line units. There is also a sketch showing dispositions of German forces opposite the XX French Corps.