This two-volume handbook provides a comprehensive view of texture analysis in both AI-based industrial and medical imaging applications. The first volume covers texture analysis for neuroradiology; information-theoretic entropy; chronic liver diseases; clinical management of focal liver lesions; abdominal imaging; optical coherence tomography images; thoracic imaging; prostate cancer; breast cancer; bladder cancer, quality evaluation of meat products; and detection of powdery mildew on strawberry leaves. The second volume covers Local Binary Descriptors for Texture Classification; Precision Grading of Glioma; Liver Tumor Detection and Grading; Texture Analysis in Radiology; Texture Analysis Using a Self-Organizing Feature Map; Sensor-Based Human Activity Recognition Analysis Using Machine Learning and Topological Data Analysis; Texture Analysis in Retinal OCT Imaging; Pneumonia Detection; Prostatic Adenocarcinoma; and Texture Analysis in Cancer Prognosis. Aimed at researchers, academics, and advanced students in biomedical engineering, image analysis, cognitive science, and computer science and engineering, this handbook is an essential reference for those looking to advance their understanding in this applied and emergent field.