Việt-Nam va Cong Cuộc Duy-Tan

Mot nuoc Nhat Au-hoa chien thang Trung-Hoa (1894) va Nga (1904-1905), viec bai bo khoa cu nho-hoc o Trung-Hoa (1905), tien den cuoc Cach-mang Tan-Hoi (1911) da khien cho ca A-chau bi loi cuon manh liet vao trong lan song Au-hoa. Khoa cu nho-hoc o Viet-Nam bi bai bo voi khoa thi cuoi cung nam 1918. Mot the he tan-hoc hoan toan Au-hoa tot nghiep vao cuoi thap nien 1920 va dau thap nien 1930; nhung the he tan-hoc ke tiep thay phien nhau dem den nhung su thay doi cho xa hoi Viet-Nam, tu phong tuc, tap quan, tu tuong, cach song, den che do, hoc van, v.v… Qua bien khao nay, chung toi co gang hinh dung con duong duy-tan ma tien nhan da bat dau tu hon mot the ky nay. At the end of the nineteenth century, a wave of Westernization swept all of Asia into movements of reform: Japan defeated China in the war in 1894 and overcame the Russian fleet in 1904-1905; and China abolished the civil service examination system in 1905, followed by the Chinese Revolution of 1911. Vietnam in turn abolished the civil service examination system in 1918. A new generation of completely Westernized intellectuals graduated from the colonial school system at the end of the 1920s and into the early 1930s. This generation and the following have brought successive changes to Vietnamese society, influencing customs, thinking, way of life, education, literature, politics, and more. In this work of research, we attempt to understand the Road to Modernization that began more than a century ago.