If there is, as many scholars believe, a new trend in international law that prizes the individual above the state, the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTFY) will be seen as its first concrete manifestation. This definitive insider’s view of the Statute and its Rules of Procedure and Evidence takes into account existing international law and practice, the proposals submitted by states and organizations, and the views expressed by members of the Security Council in adopting the Statute. The text also places the International Tribunal in its historical context as the first international criminal tribunal created since the 1945 Nuremberg and Tokyo tribunals, and as a major achievement in the UN’s long-standing project of an international regime of criminal law.