This book examines the relationship between agricultural land use and wildlife protection in two eastern African countries-Kenya and Tanzania. Although both elements are vital to the societies and economies of these countries, environmentally sensitive land-use practices and effective wildlife management are seriously lacking in Kenya and Tanzania. Within the broader context of environmental public policy, the book traces the origins of these problems in the different policy experiences of the two countries and explores their current dimensions and magnitudes. It also recommends future research and policy reforms that must be undertaken if Kenya and Tanzania are to achieve their developmental goals while avoiding environmental disaster and the extinction of their endangered wild animals. Through its analysis, the book provides a better understanding of similar conflicts wherever they appear in a world of increasing competition among threatened life forms.