One-liner: Presents a conference convened to address questions about the adequacy on science and technology manpower in the United States. 450-character abstract: Concerns about the size and adequacy of the U.S. scientific, technical, engineering, and mathematics workforce have been voiced repeatedly over the years, though surpluses have been more common than shortages. The Rand Corporation convened conference documented here worked to explore the limitations of existing data and to uncover possible improvements. This volume presents the papers delivered and discussed at the workshop, as well as Rand’s synthesis of workforce data needs and opportunities for meeting those needs.