This book evaluates John Calvin’s teaching and contribution towards a modern theology on the Jews in light of the Holocaust and the Jewish-Christian dialogue. It examines the historical treatment of the Jews up to the Reformation and inquires into Calvin’s teachings on those subjects specifically related to Judaism: the Hebrew Scriptures, the covenant, the law, and Romans 9-11. The author explores the reformer’s three basic criticisms of Jews and evaluates Calvin’s contribution towards a comprehensive teaching on Jews. Six proposals are made for a revised Christian understanding of Jewish-Christian relations.