The dialogue, a favorite literary genre of classical writers, enjoyed new popularity in humanistic literature during the Renaissance. This first modern, annotated transcription of Francisco Cervantes de Salazar’s little-known Dialogo de la dignidad del hombre places it within the framework of the ‘dignity of man’ theme and analyzes it for its humanistic content. Dr. Bono explores the role of humanism as a cultural and literary factor in Spain and evaluates the changes Cervantes de Salazar’s humanism had undergone when confronted by the new intellectual and social milieu of early colonial Mexico. For the first time, cross-cultural research on Spain and colonial Latin America is uncovered, integrating research on Renaissance Spain and colonial Spanish America.