Hearts of Darkness: White Women Write Race

In this book, one of modernism’s most insightful critics, Jane Marcus, examines the writings of novelists such as Virginia Woolf, Nancy Cunard, Mulk Raj Anand, and Djuna Barnes, artists whose work coincided with the end of empire and the rise of fascism before the Second World War. All these writers delved into the dark hearts of imperialism and totalitarianism and tackled some of the most complex cultural issues of the day. Marcus investigates previous unrecognized ways in which social and political tensions are embodied in their works. The centerpiece of the book is Marcus’s dialogue with one of her best-known essays, Britannia Rules The Waves. In that piece, she argues that The Waves makes a strong anti-imperialist statement. Although many are convinced by that argument, Marcus now goes further in order to question the moral value of such a buried critique on Woolf’s part. Other chapters traverse the connected issues of modernism, race, and imperialism. In two of them, we follow Nancy Cunard through the making of the Negro anthology and her appearance in a popular novel of the freewheeling Jazz Age. Elsewhere, Marcus delivers a complex analysis of A Passage to India, a reading that interrogates E. M. Forster’s displacement of his fear of white Englishwomen struggling for the vote, and on to the Indian scene, where they are blamed for the evils of empire.