The European Union has made firm commitments to democratic reforms and human rights initiatives around the world. This volume examines and evaluates the efficacy of these efforts. Individual case studies review the background and discuss the current state of initiatives in Eastern Europe, the Balkans, the Ukraine, Central Asia, Morocco, Iraq and the Persian Gulf, and Nigeria. The contributors identify lessons from each instance and offer concrete policy recommendations for strengthening the EU’s efforts to promote democracy. Together, these assessments show that EU member states are less invested in promoting political change in third world nations, suggesting that the EU is failing to live up to its ideals. Designed to spur debate on how to incorporate democracy and human rights initiatives into the mainstream foreign policy of the EU and its member states, this study challenges the standard view that the EU has established itself as a distinctive normative power.