This volume is part of a series which provides an update to progress on somatic embryogenesis in woody plants including both angiosperm and gymnosperm trees. Together, these books aim to enable readers to get a clear view of this subject on historical, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and molecular aspects, and applications including protoplasts, cryopreservation, manufactured seed (artificial seed), genetic transformation, bioreactors, mutations and future uses in forest plantations. Each selected woody plant mentioned in the book is briefly introduced first, covering botany and genetics, importance and geographical distribution, breeding problems, and in vitro propagation and problems of each selected woody plant, and then is followed by the description of the initiation and maintenance of embryogenic cultures, embryo development and germination, and field trials (if any) of these plants. The series is meant for graduate students and researchers in forestry and horticulture as well as biotechnologists.