This is a remarkable chronicle of the struggles of many people - black and white - whose lives have been rooted in one district of the South African highveld over the last hundred years. Thaba Nchu (Black Mountain) was the territory of an independent African chiefdom until it ws annexed by the Orange Free State republic in 1884. By 1977, one-third had emegred as part of ‘independent’ Bophutswana with consequent ‘inter-ethnic’ antagonisms. As a result, on and adjoining piece of bare veld, there had developed the largest slum in South Africa, Botshabelo - a massive concentraion of poverty and unemployment. The sorties told by the inhabitants of the slum in 1980 led to this book. Detailed archival evidence and contemporary oral history illuminate all the important themes of the political economy of the rural highveld of South Africa from the mineral revolution of the late nineteenth century to the erosion of apartheid in the late twentieth century.