Handbook of Spent Hydroprocessing Catalysts: Regeneration, Rejuvenation, Reclamation, Environment and Safety

7 ½ X 9 ¼ in
1. INTRODUCTION

1. DEVELOPMENT IN PETROLEUM REFINING 2 .1. Conventional Refineries 2.2. Revamped conventional refineries
   2.3. Advanced Refineries

2. HYDROPROCESSING OF PETROLEUM 3. 1. Feeds for Hydroprocessing
   3.1.1. Light feeds 3.1.2. Medium hea vy feeds 3.1.3. Heavy and extra heavy feeds 3.2. Hydroprocessing r eactions 3.3. Hydroprocessing Catalysts 3.3.1. Structure and chemi cal composition 3.3.1.1. Co(Ni)-Mo(W)-S phase 3.3.1.2. Brim site m odel 3.3.1.3. Co-Mo-S? phase 3.3.1.4. Effect of support 3.3.1.5 . Physical properties 3.3.1.6.Improved hydroprocessing catalysts 3 .4. Hydroprocessing Reactors and Processes 3.4.1. Fixed bed reactor s ystems 3.4.1.1. Unibon process 3.4.1.2. ARDS and Hyvahl processes< BR>3.4.2. Moving and ebullated bed reactors. 3.4.3. Comparison of hyd roprocessing reactors

3. CATALYST DEACTIVATION 4.1. Deactiv ation Due to Structural Change of Catalyst 4.2. Deactivation by Coke and Nitrogen Bases 4.3. Combined Effect of Coke and Metals on Deactiv ation 4.4. Effect of Temperature and Hydrogen Pressure 4.5. Effect