Population Genomics in the Developing World: Concepts, Applications, and Challenges, a new volume in the Translational and Applied Genomics series, provides a comprehensive, up-to-date summary of the field of population genomics in developing countries. This book equips students, researchers, and clinicians with the practical skills and approaches necessary to face the unique challenges and opportunities of practicing population genomics in developing countries. Following a brief foundational overview, more than a dozen authors working in developing nations share applied case studies from the field, including rationale, methods, analysis, and outcomes to reinforce understanding. Key themes across the country-specific chapters include efficient genetic data generation and effective computational and statistical tools to analyze population-level data. This book then discusses clinical interpretation of these data, from direct-to-consumer ancestry testing to translational and applied precision medicine. A final chapter considers the ethical aspects of conducting genomic research in developing countries.