This volume contains the proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Hormonal Carcinogenesis, July 4 - 9, 1994, Stockholm, Sweden. In the last five years, there has been a marked resurgence of public awareness and research interest in the field of hormonal carcinogenesis. This is largely a result of the widespread use of therapeutic hormonal agents and the causal association of hormones and a variety of human cancers including: breast, prostatic, uterine, and cervical. Significant attention is devoted to the popular use of estrogen therapies in women’s health care. This symposium brings together scientists from a wide variety of disciplines and presents the latest developments and research in understanding the involvement of hormones in neoplastic processes.