The volume explores the role religion had in charity and philanthropy in the long nineteenth-century. Although charity is, arguably, rooted in the Old Testament and the New Testament and philanthropy, as a concept, emerges in the seventeenth century, it was only in the nineteenth century that these concepts assumed their modern form. The materials in this volume provide essential context for understanding the role of religion in nineteenth-century charity and philanthropy. Topics be covered include the Church of England, Protestant dissenting religions, the Christian Social Union, the Catholic Church in Ireland, Judaism, and the Salvation Army.