This book considers two important international nutrition issues, provides a scientific evaluation, and proposes strategies for intervention at the community level. Part I, Diarrheal Diseases , considers the dietary and nutritional factors that may affect the risk of contracting diarrheal disease and presents programmatic implications of these findings. Part II, Diet and Activity During Pregnancy and Lactation , examines data on the extent to which women in the developing world are known to reduce or otherwise alter their activities and diets as a result of childbearing.