The aim of the 2nd Course of the International School of Cardi- ology at Ettore Majorana was the discussion, scientific analysis, and critical appraisal of primary and secondary prevention in cardi- ology, especially concerning the coronary artery disease. The predictive value of different risk factors, the problem of heredity, sociological and psychological perspectives, the impact of antiarrhythmic therapy, and the prevention of sudden death were only some of the many topics discussed. Others, such as physical activity in primary and secondary prevention, the role of coronary bypass surgery in decreasing the mortality rate, the effects of drugs and comprehensive intervention programmes, as well as a critical appraisal of therapy in cardiac failure were given special attention. In organizing this second Course, it was again a privilege and a challenge for the programme directors to conduct a scientific event which, as was demonstrated at the first course, represented an original and new approach to teaching. The illustrious international faculty, composed of well known scientists and experts in their fields, has contributed to the high academic level and quality of the lectures and the following discussions. In our opinion, this successful undertaking would not have achieved its purpose and originality without the beautiful surround- ing scenery and tranquility of Erice. We should like to express our gratitude to the director of the Centre, Prof. Zichichi, and the Secretary of Ettore Majorana, Dr.