Before the former Yugoslavia was divided by wars, its inhabitants successfully lived side by side in peace. This collection seeks to explain how former neighbours became enemies, with the hope that understanding what drove these peoples apart will help us discover ways for them to coexist in peace again. Contributors analyze political cartoons, psychiatry, the arts, visual media and law to present a diversity of views on the conflicts in Yugoslavia. While the chapters in this book deal with regional developments, they are not so much focused on politics as they are concerned with how value and attitudes are altered and new identities formed. This book began as a special issue of the journal Anthropology of East Europe Review . Most of the contributors to that issue have revised their chapters for this collection, and new chapters have been added, including one on the recent war in Kosovo. Essays range across all of former Yugoslavia, emphasizing the variability and diversity of ethnic relations throughout its history.