In this thought-provoking book, Ema Ushioda asks why we research language learning motivation, whose interests the research serves, and who ultimately benefits. Examining the major theoretical and research developments in this vibrant field from its origins to the present day, the author interrogates the goals and values driving academic inquiry, and argues for a more socially conscious and socially responsive orientation to researching language learning motivation. The book challenges this research field to contribute to critical movements in applied linguistics to address globally and locally relevant societal issues where language and motivation matter.