Oncology is a branch of medicine that deals with the study, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of cancer. Thoracic oncology is a sub-specialty of oncology that focuses on cancers of the lung, mediastinum, esophagus and pleura. It deals with malignancies like mesothelioma, esophageal cancer, small cell lung cancer and non-small lung cancer. Thoracic cancer refers to any cancer located in the organs, glands, or structures of thoracic cavity, or chest. Its major types are lung cancer and esophageal cancer, while thymus cancer and pleural cancer are among its less common forms. The field of thoracic oncology is extensively involved in the research aimed at the development of more effective treatments for thoracic cancer. Some current therapies and treatment in thoracic oncology are chemotherapy, radiation therapy and surgical procedures. This book contains some path-breaking studies in the field of thoracic oncology. A number of latest researches have been included to keep the readers up-to-date with the global concepts in this area of study. Researchers and students actively engaged in this field will find this book full of crucial and unexplored concepts.