The arrival of large submillimeter and millimeter-wave detector arrays opened a new window on galaxy formation and evolution. The major facilities now being designed or constructed, such as ALMA (MMA) and the Large Millimeter Telescope (LMT), will soon be expanding the horizons even farther. The Amherst conference of June 2000 drew together the major international groups working on submillimeter and millimeter-wave galaxies to discuss their relation to other galaxies both near by and in the early Universe, the role of the LMT and other new facilities in advancing the new field, and the implications of the new results and models for our understanding of galaxy formation and evolution. The resulting compendium of reports on observations, simulations, theory and interpretation, and instrumentation presents the new millimeter view of the early Universe thoroughly in a single volume.